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Horatio Robert Forbes Brown (16 February 1854 – 19 August 1926) was a Scottish historian who specialised in the history of Venice and Italy. Born in Nice, he grew up in Midlothian, Scotland, was educated in England at Clifton and Oxford, and spent most of his life in Venice, publishing several books about the city. He also wrote for the ''Cambridge Modern History'', was the biographer of John Addington Symonds, and was a poet and alpinist. ==Early life== Born at Nice (then part of the kingdom of Sardinia) on 16 February 1854, Brown was the son of Hugh Horatio Brown, an advocate, of New Hall House, Carlops, who was a Deputy Lieutenant for Midlothian, and of Gulielmina Forbes, the sixth daughter of Colonel Ranaldson MacDonnell of Glengarry and Clanranald (1773–1828).〔John Pemble, 'Brown, Horatio Robert Forbes (1854–1926)', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004; (online edn ) (2008). Retrieved 2 December 2010.〕 The marriage was in 1853, and his mother was a good deal younger than his father, who died on 17 October 1866, at the age of 66.〔'H. H. Brown, Esq.' in ''The Law Times'', 3 November 1866, (p. 17 )〕〔'Brown, Horatio', in ''Who's who: Volume 58'' (1906)〕〔''The Gentleman's magazine'', vol. 221 (1866), (p. 707 )〕 Brown's maternal grandfather, Ranaldson MacDonnell, of Invergarry Castle on Loch Oich in Inverness, Chief of Clan MacDonell of Glengarry, had been one of Walter Scott's closest friends.〔Charles Sumner Olcott, ''The Country of Sir Walter Scott'' (1913), (p. 123 )〕 His other grandfather was Robert Brown, Esq. (died 1834), of New Hall, Carlops,〔 a large country house about twelve miles from the centre of Edinburgh, mostly dating from the 18th century but incorporating parts of a medieval castle. Enlargements to the house in 1785 were designed by Robert Brown,〔(Newhall House ) at canmore.rcahms.gov.uk〕 who later wrote a play called ''Mary's Bower''〔''MARY's Bower, or, the castle on the glen''; a pastoral drama, of five acts, founded on a real event in Scotland, about the end of the fifteenth century (Robert Brown, of Newhall ) (Edinburgh, 1811)〕 and a book of ''Comic Poems'' in Scots. He was a lover of art, commissioning new work by Henry Raeburn, Andrew Geddes and John Watson Gordon.〔''Scottish historical review'', vol. 16 (1919), p. 189: "Robert Brown was naturally intimate with most of the artists of the day; Steel made a bust of him, Raeburn painted his portrait, and Geddes a large family group of Robert Brown, his wife, Elizabeth Ker, and their son Hugh all in a Pentland landscape. He corresponded with Geddes; there are letters referring to the purchase of copies from the old masters, for which Geddes was famous, and one large canvas by Geddes, a mythological scene, with nymphs and goddesses, in which the influence of the Venetian masters is plainly discernible in the glowing rich and fluid handling of both flesh and drapery, hangs on the stair. Watson-Gordon painted a portrait of Mrs. Brown and also a series of six large canvases to illustrate Robert Brown's drama of ''Mary's Bower''. Besides this play Robert Brown also published a volume of ''Comic Poems'', in Scots, like all of their kind, direct descendants of ''Peebles to the Play''.〕 Hugh and Gulielmina Brown had two sons, Horatio and Allan, who were sent to Clifton College in 1864. After their father's death, Mrs Brown moved to Bristol to be near her sons. At Clifton, Horatio was befriended by a young schoolmaster, John Addington Symonds, who lectured on the Greek poets and became an important influence on his life. From there, he went up to New College, Oxford, in 1873, in 1877 gaining second class honours in Greats, although he did not take his degree.〔〔〔Brian Pullan, 'Horatio Brown, John Addington Symonds and the History of Venice' in Chambers, Clough, Mallett, ''War, Culture and Society in Renaissance Venice: Essays in Honour of John Hale'' (1993), (pp. 219–221 )〕 Brown spoke Italian, French and German well and was also strong in classical Greek, while a contemporary later described him as "a fair-haired, breezy out-of-doors person with a crisp Highland-Scottish speech".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Horatio Brown」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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